12.21. OOP Inheritance Super

• super() Calls a method from superclass

• Order/location is important

• Raymond Hettinger - Super considered super! - PyCon 2015 1

12.21.1. Super With Methods

>>> class Parent:
...     def say_hello(self):
...         print('hello')
>>>
>>>
>>> class Child(Parent):
...     def say_hello(self):
...         super().say_hello()
...         print('yo')
>>>
>>>
>>> obj = Child()
>>> obj.say_hello()
hello
yo

Order of super() is important:

>>> class Parent:
...     def say_hello(self):
...         print('hello')
>>>
>>>
>>> class Child(Parent):
...     def say_hello(self):
...         print('yo')
...         super().say_hello()
>>>
>>>
>>> obj = Child()
>>> obj.say_hello()
yo
hello

12.21.2. Super With Attributes

>>> class Parent:
...     def __init__(self):
...         self.firstname = 'Mark'
...         self.lastname = 'Watney'
>>>
>>>
>>> class Child(Parent):
...     def __init__(self):
...         super().__init__()
...         self.job = 'astronaut'
>>>
>>>
>>> obj = Child()
>>> vars(obj)
{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney', 'job': 'astronaut'}

12.21.3. Super Attributes Problem

Note, that the problem exists when Parent and a Child defines attribute with the same name. Than while calling super() it will overload field value.

>>> class Parent:
...     def __init__(self):
...         self.firstname = 'Mark'
...         self.lastname = 'Watney'
...         self.job = 'unemployed'
>>>
>>>
>>> class Child(Parent):
...     def __init__(self):
...         self.job = 'astronaut'
...         super().__init__()
>>>
>>>
>>> obj = Child()
>>> vars(obj)
{'job': 'unemployed', 'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney'}

>>> class Parent:
...     def __init__(self):
...         self.firstname = 'Mark'
...         self.lastname = 'Watney'
...         self.job = 'unemployed'
>>>
>>>
>>> class Child(Parent):
...     def __init__(self):
...         super().__init__()
...         self.job = 'astronaut'
>>>
>>>
>>> obj = Child()
>>> vars(obj)
{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney', 'job': 'astronaut'}

12.21.4. Super Init with Args

>>> class Parent:
...     def __init__(self, firstname, lastname):
...         self.firstname = 'Mark'
...         self.lastname = 'Watney'
...         self.job = 'unemployed'
>>>
>>>
>>> class Child(Parent):
...     def __init__(self, firstname, lastname):
...         super().__init__(firstname, lastname)
...         self.job = 'astronaut'
>>>
>>>
>>> obj = Child('Mark', 'Watney')
>>> vars(obj)
{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney', 'job': 'astronaut'}

12.21.5. References

1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EiOglTERPEo

12.21.6. Assignments

Code 12.22. Solution

"""
* Assignment: OOP Overload Super
* Required: yes
* Complexity: easy
* Lines of code: 6 lines
* Time: 5 min

English:
    1. Create class `Astronaut` which inherits from `Person`
    2. Class `Astronaut` takes two arguments `name` and `mission`
    3. Set attribute `mission` in `Astronaut` inicializer method
    4. Call initializer method of `Person` passing `name` as an argument
    5. Define method `show()` returning name and after coma - a mission name
    6. Run doctests - all must succeed

Polish:
    1. Stwórz klasę `Astronaut` dziedziczącą po `Person`
    2. Klasa `Astronaut` przyjmuje dwa argumenty `name` i `mission`
    3. Ustaw atrybut `mission` w metodzie inicjalizacyjnej w `Astronaut`
    4. Wywołaj metodę inicjalizacyjną z `Person` podając `name` jako argument
    5. Zdefiniuj metodę `show()` zwracającą imię i po przecinku - nazwę misji
    6. Uruchom doctesty - wszystkie muszą się powieść

Tests:
    >>> import sys; sys.tracebacklimit = 0

    >>> watney = Astronaut('Watney', 'Ares 3')
    >>> watney.show()
    'Watney, Ares 3'
    >>> lewis = Astronaut('Lewis', 'Ares 3')
    >>> lewis.show()
    'Lewis, Ares 3'
"""


class Person:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name